character entities

Ok, I read what I could find on this but I am still confused. I am using 
insant saxon and I have an XML file that contains some unicode character 
references, as well as some quote tag elements that need to be transformed 
into character references.
> From what M. Kay has explained on this list previously "XML parsing resolves 
character references (and entity references) before the transformation 
proper starts."
So, in the example below, I would expect the "&" to output as "&" 
because it is in the source XML file and I would expect that a character 
reference created in the XSLT template would output as the reference. 
However, the opposite seems to be true.
Example:

<paragraph>Here is some text &amp; stuff made up of so-called 
<quote>words</quote>.</</paragraph>
I used the below template:

<xsl:template match="quote">
 &#8220;<xsl:apply-templates/>&#8221;
</xsl:template>

I get this mess in place of the quotes:

(â??the <i>O'Hara</i> suitâ??)

but I get "&amp;" in the output



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