In addition to all of the excellent suggestions so far, there is
xmlstarlet, which I use for exactly this sort of thing every day. I
typically wrap the command in a shell for loop. E.g., the following
(all on one line, of course) asks for a list of all TEI files that
have within their <text>s one or more naked <reg> elements not
wrapped in <choice>, and for each file a count of such cases:
for f in *.tei ; do
echo -n "---------$f:" ;
xmlstarlet sel -N t=http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0
-t -m "/t:TEI/t:text"
-v "count( .//t:reg[not( parent::t:choice )] )" $f ;
done | egrep -v ':0$'
The `xmlstarlet sel` subcommand basically let's you execute a small
XSLT 1.0 program from the commandline. The "-t" switch says "here
starts my template", the "-m" switch is for the match= attribute, and
the -v switch is for the select= of an <xsl:value>. There are other
capabilities, too. xmlstarlet also can execute an XSLT stylesheet
file on STDIN from the commandline, although I personally don't use
that much.
Also see the xpath++ utility at
https://www.ibm.com/developerworks/forums/thread.jspa?messageID=14488694#14488694
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